ADME, Toxicity, Molecular Docking, Molecular Dynamics, Glucokinase activation, DPP-IV, α-amylase, and α-glucosidase Inhibition Assays of Mangiferin and Friedelin for Antidiabetic Potential

Chem Biodivers. 2024 Dec 23:e202402738. doi: 10.1002/cbdv.202402738. Online ahead of print.

Abstract

The study investigates the inhibitory properties of Mangiferin and Friedelin against glucokinase, DPP-IV, α-amylase, and α-glucosidase using computational methods, in vitro enzyme assays, and in-depth ADMET analysis. The study utilized a computer-aided drug design approach to assess the potential therapeutic properties of Mangiferin and Friedelin as T2DM therapeutic agents. Molecular docking studies' outcomes encouraged the evaluation of both compounds in in vitro enzymatic assays. The docking study results were validated with the help of molecular dynamics simulation. Mangiferin and Friedelin showed that they activated glucokinase 20% and 5% more than the basal activity of the enzyme, respectively. In the DPP-IV enzyme assay, Mangiferin and Friedelin demonstrated IC50 values (74.93±0.71 and 110.64±0.21 μg/mL, respectively) comparable with the reference compound sitagliptin. Moreover, Mangiferin and Friedelin showed IC50 comparable to Acarbose against α-amylase (9.72±0.15, 11.84±0.06, and 10.19±0.05 mg/mL, respectively). In the α-glucosidase enzyme assay, Mangiferin, Friedelin, and Acarbose displayed 11.72±0.10, 14.34±0.02, and 9.14±0.06 mg/mL of IC50 values, respectively. The compounds showed promising in silico ADMET and drug-likeness properties, with potential binding affinities with all enzymes. In vitro enzymatic assays showed Mangiferin and Friedelin activated glucokinase 20% and 5% more than basal activity, with IC50 values comparable to Acarbose.

Keywords: Friedelin; glucokinase; mangiferin; α-amylase; α-glucosidase, in vitro enzymatic assay.