Constructing an electrochemical sensor with screen-printed electrodes incorporating Ti3C2Tx-PDA-AgNPs for lactate detection in sweat

Haozi Lu; Junhua Wang; Ziyi Wu; Meiqing Yang; Wei Zhou; Ye Li; Huimin Li; Yang Zhang; Jifei Yang; Gang Yu; Song Liu

doi:10.1016/j.talanta.2024.127423

Constructing an electrochemical sensor with screen-printed electrodes incorporating Ti₃C₂T_x-PDA-AgNPs for lactate detection in sweat

Talanta. 2024 Dec 22:285:127423. doi: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.127423. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Haozi Lu¹, Junhua Wang¹, Ziyi Wu², Meiqing Yang³, Wei Zhou⁴, Ye Li¹, Huimin Li¹, Yang Zhang⁵, Jifei Yang⁶, Gang Yu⁷, Song Liu⁸

Affiliations

¹ Institute of Chemical Biology and Nanomedicine (ICBN), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China.
² Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China.
³ Zoology Key Laboratory of Hunan Higher Education, College of Life and Environmental Science, Hunan University of Arts and Science, Changde, 415000, China.
⁴ Changsha Semiconductor Technology and Application Innovation Research Institute, College of Semiconductors(College of Integrated Circuits), Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China.
⁵ School of Physical Education, Hunan First Normal University, Changsha, 410221, China.
⁶ Changsha Sunjeen Electronics Technology Co., Ltd., Changsha, 410205, China.
⁷ Institute of Chemical Biology and Nanomedicine (ICBN), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China. Electronic address: [email protected].
⁸ Institute of Chemical Biology and Nanomedicine (ICBN), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China. Electronic address: [email protected].

PMID: 39718302
DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.127423

Abstract

Sweat lactate levels are closely related to an individual's physiological state and serve as critical indicators for assessing exercise intensity, muscle fatigue, and certain pathological conditions. Screen-printed electrodes (SPEs) offer a promising avenue for the development of low-cost, high-performance wearable devices for electrochemical sweat analysis. The material composition of SPEs significantly impacts their detection sensitivity and stability. In this study, we designed a screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) modified with Ti₃C₂T_x Polydopamine (PDA), and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) (Ti₃C₂T_x-PDA-AgNPs) for lactate detection in sweat. The accordion-like structure of Ti₃C₂T_x provides a large specific surface area and exceptional electrical conductivity. PDA, acting as both a reducing agent and binder, supports the in-situ formation of AgNPs on the Ti₃C₂T_x nanosheets. These AgNPs prevent the restacking of Ti₃C₂T_x layers, further improving conductivity. The sensor exhibited sensitivities of 0.145 μA mM^-1, with limit of detection (LOD) of 0.181 mM (S/N = 3) in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), meeting the requirements for for sweat lactate detection. The sensor was integrated into a wearable micro-electrochemical platform paired with a custom Android application for real-time sweat analysis. Testing on human sweat demonstrated the platform's potential for practical fitness monitoring and healthcare diagnostics applications.

Keywords: Lactate sensing; MXene-based materials; Screen-printed electrodes; Sweat analysis.

Publication types

Letter