Endovascular Treatment for a Superior Mesenteric Arteriovenous Fistula Following Pylorus Preserving Pancreatoduodenectomy

A superior mesenteric arteriovenous fistula (SMAVF) following gastrointestinal surgery represents a rare vascular complication. Enhanced computed tomography with 3-dimensional reconstruction proves to be the most efficacious modality for detecting this uncommon entity. Superior mesenteric angiography becomes imperative to accurately delineate the location and extent of mesenteric vessel involvement, which is essential for devising an optimal treatment strategy. Recently, endovascular therapy has garnered significant favor due to its less invasiveness compared to surgical interventions. Herein, we present a case of SMAVF after pancreaticoduodenectomy, manifesting with symptoms indicative of portal hypertension. Successful endovascular fistula closure using a balloon-expandable stent graft was achieved.