Clinicopathological characteristics and long-term prognosis of triple-negative breast cancer patients with HER2-Low expression: a retrospective propensity score-matched cohort study

J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 2024 Dec 27;151(1):24. doi: 10.1007/s00432-024-06069-7.

Abstract

Purpose: The objective of the current research was to assess the clinicopathological characteristics and long-term prognosis of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-low status following breast surgery.

Methods: A total of 202 TNBC patients treated at Qingdao Central Hospital from January 2010 to December 2019 were included, comprising 71 HER2-low and 131 HER2-zero patients. Propensity score matching (PSM) was applied to minimize differences between the cohorts.

Results: HER2-low TNBC patients had lower histological grade, lower Ki-67 expression levels, and a higher prevalence of hypertension compared to HER2-zero TNBC patients. Before and after PSM, the HER2-low group consistently exhibited a lower recurrence rate and longer RFS compared to HER2-zero TNBC patients. HER2-low status was validated as an independent low-risk factor for RFS both pre-PSM (HR 0.354, 95% CI 0.178-0.706, p = 0.003) and post-PSM (HR 0.405, 95% CI 0.185-0.886, p = 0.024). No statistically significant differences in mortality rate and OS were observed, both before and after PSM.

Conclusions: HER2-low and HER2-zero TNBC patients show significant clinicopathological differences. Compared to HER2-zero, HER2-low status is linked to better long-term prognosis and serves as an independent low-risk factor for RFS in TNBC patients.

Keywords: Clinicopathological characteristics; HER2-Low; Long-term prognosis; Triple-negative breast cancer.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Biomarkers, Tumor / metabolism
  • Cohort Studies
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Middle Aged
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / metabolism
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / pathology
  • Prognosis
  • Propensity Score*
  • Receptor, ErbB-2* / metabolism
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms* / metabolism
  • Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms* / mortality
  • Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms* / pathology

Substances

  • Receptor, ErbB-2
  • ERBB2 protein, human
  • Biomarkers, Tumor