Prediction of microvascular invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma using a preoperative serum C-reactive protein-based nomogram

Sci Rep. 2025 Jan 2;15(1):522. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-84835-w.

Abstract

Microvascular invasion (MVI) diagnosis relies on postoperative pathological examinations, underscoring the urgent need for a novel diagnostic method. C-Reactive Protein (CRP), has shown significant relevance to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) prognosis. This study aims to explore the relationship between preoperative serum CRP levels and microvascular invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma and develop a nomogram model for predicting MVI. Patients were categorized into MVI-positive and MVI-negative groups for analysis. Serum CRP levels were compared between the two groups. And then use LASSO regression to screen variables and build a nomogram. CRP levels showed significant differences between the MVI-positive and MVI-negative groups. Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified CRP (OR = 4.85, P < 0.001), lnAFP (OR = 3.11, P < 0.001), WBC count (OR = 2.73, P = 0.003), and tumor diameter (OR = 2.38, P = 0.01) as independent predictors of MVI. A nomogram based on these variables showed good predictive performance in both the training and validation cohorts with dual validation. The clinical prediction nomogram model, which includes serum CRP levels, WBC count, tumor diameter, and serum AFP levels, showed good performance in predicting MVI in both the training and validation cohorts.

Keywords: C-Reactive protein; Clinical prediction model; Hepatocellular carcinoma; Microvascular invasion.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Biomarkers, Tumor / blood
  • C-Reactive Protein* / analysis
  • C-Reactive Protein* / metabolism
  • Carcinoma, Hepatocellular* / blood
  • Carcinoma, Hepatocellular* / pathology
  • Carcinoma, Hepatocellular* / surgery
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Liver Neoplasms* / blood
  • Liver Neoplasms* / diagnosis
  • Liver Neoplasms* / pathology
  • Liver Neoplasms* / surgery
  • Male
  • Microvessels / pathology
  • Middle Aged
  • Neoplasm Invasiveness*
  • Nomograms*
  • Preoperative Period
  • Prognosis
  • Retrospective Studies

Substances

  • C-Reactive Protein
  • Biomarkers, Tumor