Low-grade endometrial endometrioid carcinoma of the p53-abnormal group: case presentation and diagnostic issues

Pathologica. 2024 Oct;116(5):320-323. doi: 10.32074/1591-951X-1044.

Abstract

P53-abnormal endometrial carcinomas are high-grade and aggressive tumors which should be treated with chemo-/radiotherapy. In low-grade endometrioid carcinoma (LGEC), abnormal expression of p53 is an exceptional finding and is typically accompanied by patchy p16 positivity and diffuse hormone receptor expression.

Herein, we report a case of LGEC exhibiting both p53 and p16 overexpression, highlighting the diagnostic pitfalls related to such phenotype.

A 60-year-old woman underwent hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy with pelvic lymphadenectomy due to a deeply myoinvasive endometrial mass. The tumor showed glandular architecture, low-grade nuclei and glandular differentiation. Focal lymphovascular space invasion and no lymph node metastases were observed. Immunohistochemically, the tumor showed p53 overexpression, p16 block-type positivity, diffuse hormone receptors positivity and retained mismatch repair proteins expression. No POLE mutations were identified. A diagnosis of p53-abnormal LGEC was eventually made.

A glandular neoplasm with p53 and/or p16-overexpression on endometrial biopsy specimens may raise the concern of other entities such as serous carcinoma, HPV-related endocervical adenocarcinoma, and gastric-type adenocarcinoma. An immunohistochemical panel including hormone receptors, p53, p16 and mismatch repair proteins appears necessary for an accurate diagnosis of uterine adenocarcinomas.

Keywords: TCGA; endometrioid; low-grade; p16; p53.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Biomarkers, Tumor / analysis
  • Biomarkers, Tumor / genetics
  • Carcinoma, Endometrioid* / diagnosis
  • Carcinoma, Endometrioid* / genetics
  • Carcinoma, Endometrioid* / pathology
  • Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 / analysis
  • Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 / metabolism
  • Endometrial Neoplasms* / diagnosis
  • Endometrial Neoplasms* / genetics
  • Endometrial Neoplasms* / pathology
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Hysterectomy
  • Immunohistochemistry
  • Middle Aged
  • Neoplasm Grading
  • Tumor Suppressor Protein p53* / analysis
  • Tumor Suppressor Protein p53* / genetics

Substances

  • Tumor Suppressor Protein p53
  • Biomarkers, Tumor
  • Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16
  • TP53 protein, human
  • CDKN2A protein, human