Knockdown of RFC3 enhances the sensitivity of colon cancer cells to oxaliplatin by inducing ferroptosis

Fundam Clin Pharmacol. 2025 Feb;39(1):e13044. doi: 10.1111/fcp.13044.

Abstract

Background: The development of resistance to oxaliplatin is a multifaceted process, often involving modifications in drug transport, DNA repair mechanisms, and the ability of cells to evade drug-induced apoptosis.

Objective: To evaluate whether knocking down RFC3 promotes the sensitivity of colorectal cancer (CRC) cells to oxaliplatin, potentially offering a new approach to combat drug resistance.

Methods: siRNA-mediated knockdown of RFC3 was employed in colorectal cancer cell lines to assess the impact on oxaliplatin responsiveness. Cell viability assays, clonogenic survival assays, and flow cytometry were conducted to evaluate the effects on cell growth and apoptosis. Additionally, immunoblot analysis was used to scrutinize modifications in the expression of pivotal protein expression in the Wnt/β-catenin/GPX4 axis.

Results: RFC3 is highly expressed in CRC tissues and associated with prognosis. Knocking down RFC3 enhances the sensitivity of CRC cells to oxaliplatin. Additionally, the reduction of RFC3 promotes the susceptibility of chemoresistant tumor cells to oxaliplatin by inducing ferroptosis. Furthermore, the knockdown of RFC3 disrupts the Wnt/β-catenin/GPX4 axis.

Conclusion: Depletion of RFC3 enhances the sensitivity of CRC cells to oxaliplatin via inducing ferroptosis.

Keywords: Ferroptosis; RFC3; Wnt/β‐catenin/GPX4; colorectal cancer (CRC); oxaliplatin.

MeSH terms

  • Antineoplastic Agents* / pharmacology
  • Apoptosis / drug effects
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cell Proliferation / drug effects
  • Cell Survival / drug effects
  • Colonic Neoplasms / drug therapy
  • Colonic Neoplasms / genetics
  • Colonic Neoplasms / pathology
  • Colorectal Neoplasms / drug therapy
  • Colorectal Neoplasms / genetics
  • Colorectal Neoplasms / pathology
  • Drug Resistance, Neoplasm*
  • Ferroptosis* / drug effects
  • Gene Knockdown Techniques
  • Humans
  • Oxaliplatin* / pharmacology
  • Replication Protein C* / genetics
  • Replication Protein C* / metabolism
  • Wnt Signaling Pathway / drug effects

Substances

  • Oxaliplatin
  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Replication Protein C