NEK7 phosphorylation amplifies NLRP3 inflammasome activation downstream of potassium efflux and gasdermin D

Sci Immunol. 2025 Jan 3;10(103):eadl2993. doi: 10.1126/sciimmunol.adl2993. Epub 2025 Jan 3.

Abstract

The NLRP3 inflammasome plays a critical role in innate immunity and inflammatory diseases. NIMA-related kinase 7 (NEK7) is essential for inflammasome activation, and its interaction with NLRP3 is enhanced by K+ efflux. However, the mechanism by which K+ efflux promotes this interaction remains unknown. Here, we show that NEK7 is rapidly phosphorylated at threonine-190/191 by JNK1 downstream of K+ efflux and gasdermin D (GSDMD) after NLRP3 activation. NEK7 phosphorylation enhances the binding between NEK7 and NLRP3, which further promotes inflammasome assembly and activation. Mutant mice and macrophages in which Thr190 and Thr191 of Nek7 were replaced by valine exhibited impaired NEK7 phosphorylation, NLRP3 inflammasome activation, and IL-1β secretion. Thus, NEK7 phosphorylation is an important event that acts downstream of K+ efflux and GSDMD to further enhance NLRP3 inflammasome activation.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Gasdermins
  • HEK293 Cells
  • Humans
  • Inflammasomes* / immunology
  • Inflammasomes* / metabolism
  • Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins* / immunology
  • Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins* / metabolism
  • Macrophages / immunology
  • Macrophages / metabolism
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL*
  • Mice, Knockout
  • NIMA-Related Kinases* / immunology
  • NIMA-Related Kinases* / metabolism
  • NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein* / immunology
  • NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein* / metabolism
  • Phosphate-Binding Proteins* / metabolism
  • Phosphorylation
  • Potassium* / metabolism

Substances

  • NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein
  • NIMA-Related Kinases
  • Inflammasomes
  • Potassium
  • Phosphate-Binding Proteins
  • Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
  • Nek7 protein, mouse
  • Gsdmd protein, mouse
  • Nlrp3 protein, mouse
  • NEK7 protein, human
  • Gasdermins