Understanding preconception health in Australia through the lens of people of reproductive age: Implications for care providers

Problem: Limited awareness about the importance of preconception health is a recognised barrier to preparing for pregnancy.

Background: Opportunities exist to improve the health of future parents through preconception care. One of the recognised barriers to pregnancy preparation is a lack of knowledge and a lack of presentation for information and care.

Aim: To explore the understanding of "preconception health" amongst people of reproductive age in Australia to inform the delivery of preconception care.

Methods: A qualitative descriptive study using online interviews with people of reproductive age in Australia. Recruitment was via social media (Facebook). Interview transcripts were analysed thematically.

Findings: Of the 20 women and five men we interviewed, all acknowledged the importance of preparing for pregnancy. Despite broadly understanding the concept, most participants had limited understanding of the details of preconception health. To increase their knowledge, participants' preferred sources of information included education in schools, reputable online sources, primary and maternity healthcare providers, and community members with lived experience.

Discussion: People in Australia are keen to learn about preparing for pregnancy and appreciate this as important. Suggested avenues to improve awareness and understanding about optimal preconception health included through school education, primary and reproductive healthcare providers, and online resources. This can improve understanding and behaviours before first and subsequent pregnancies.

Conclusion: Preconception care requires a life-course approach, beginning with universal education through schools, enhanced by readily accessible reputable online resources, and access to trusted primary and maternity care providers. Maternity care providers can be key drivers in this process.