A prospective, multicenter analysis of the integrated 31-gene expression profile test for sentinel lymph node biopsy (i31-GEP for SLNB) test demonstrates reduced number of unnecessary SLNBs in patients with cutaneous melanoma

World J Surg Oncol. 2025 Jan 3;23(1):5. doi: 10.1186/s12957-024-03640-x.

Abstract

Background: National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines recommend sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) for patients with > 10% risk of positivity, consider SLNB with 5-10% risk, and foregoing with < 5% risk. The integrated 31-gene expression profile (i31-GEP) algorithm combines the 31-GEP with clinicopathologic variables, estimating SLN positivity risk.

Methods: The i31-GEP SLNB risk prediction accuracy was assessed in patients with T1-T2 tumors enrolled in the prospective, multicenter DECIDE study (n = 322). To determine if incorporating the i31-GEP into decision-making resulted in fewer SLNBs performed, propensity score-matching was performed to a non-overlapping cohort for whom the 31-GEP was not used for SLNB decision-making.

Results: No patients with < 5% i31-GEP predicted risk had a positive SLNB (0/35). Propensity matching demonstrated an 18.5% reduction in SLNBs performed (43.7% vs. 62.2%. p < 0.001). The i31-GEP could have reduced the number of unnecessary biopsies by 25.0% (35/140).

Conclusions: This prospective study confirmed the performance and clinical utility of the i31-GEP for SLNB for improving risk-aligned care and demonstrated a significantly reduced SLNB performance rate when incorporating the i31-GEP into clinical decision-making.

Keywords: 31-GEP; Cutaneous melanoma; Gene expression profiling; Prognosis; Sentinel lymph node biopsy.

Publication types

  • Evaluation Study
  • Multicenter Study

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Biomarkers, Tumor / genetics
  • Female
  • Gene Expression Profiling*
  • Humans
  • Lymphatic Metastasis
  • Male
  • Melanoma* / genetics
  • Melanoma* / pathology
  • Melanoma* / surgery
  • Melanoma, Cutaneous Malignant
  • Middle Aged
  • Prognosis
  • Prospective Studies
  • Sentinel Lymph Node / pathology
  • Sentinel Lymph Node / surgery
  • Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy* / methods
  • Skin Neoplasms* / genetics
  • Skin Neoplasms* / pathology
  • Skin Neoplasms* / surgery
  • Transcriptome
  • Unnecessary Procedures / statistics & numerical data

Substances

  • Biomarkers, Tumor