Three new α-glucosidase inhibitors from aqueous extract of Cannabis sativa leaves: isolation, characterisation, and kinetic study

α-Glucosidase inhibitory assay-guided isolation of the aqueous extract from Cannabis sativa leaves afforded three new compounds named cannabisaldehyde (8), cannacone A (9), and canniprene C (10), along with eight previously known compounds (1-7, 11). The structures of new compounds were determined through extensive analysis of various spectroscopic data. Of isolated compounds, cannacone A (9) demonstrated most potent inhibition against maltase and sucrase with IC₅₀ values of 80.0 and 82.9 μM, respectively. Cannacone A (9) inhibited both maltase and sucrase by competitive mechanism.