From diagnosis to therapy: The role of LncRNA GAS5 in combatting some cancers affecting women

Chou-Yi Hsu; Safia Obaidur Rab; Ahmed Hussein Zwamel; Enwa Felix Oghenemaro; Muktesh Chandra; Sumit Rajotiya; Ahmed Hjazi; Kdv Prasad; Shikha Atteri; Ashish Singh Chauhan

doi:10.1016/j.gene.2025.149217

From diagnosis to therapy: The role of LncRNA GAS5 in combatting some cancers affecting women

Gene. 2025 Jan 3:149217. doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2025.149217. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Thunderbird School of Global Management, Arizona State University Tempe Campus, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA.
² Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.
³ Department of Medical Analysis, Medical Laboratory Technique College, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq; Department of Medical Analysis, Medical Laboratory Technique College, The Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah, Al Diwaniyah, Iraq; Department of Medical Analysis, Medical Laboratory Technique College, The Islamic University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq. Electronic address: [email protected].
⁴ Delta State University, Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, PMB 1, Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria.
⁵ Marwadi University Research Center, Department of Bioinformatics,Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Marwadi University, Rajkot, Gujarat 360003, India.
⁶ NIMS Institute of Pharmacy, NIMS University Rajasthan, Jaipur, India.
⁷ Department of Medical Laboratory, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Princse Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: [email protected].
⁸ Symbiosis Institute of Business Management (SIBM), Hyderabad, Telangana, India; Symbiosis International (Deemed University) (SIU), Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
⁹ Chandigarh Pharmacy College, Chandigarh Group of Colleges, Jhanjheri, Mohali, Punjab 140307, India.
¹⁰ Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Research and Innovation, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India.

PMID: 39756550
DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2025.149217

Abstract

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a collection of non-coding RNA molecules that consist of more than 200 nucleotides. In human malignancies, these lncRNAs exhibit abnormal expression patterns and play a significant role in either suppressing or promoting tumor growth. They achieve this by modulating various functions and mechanisms within cancer cells, including proliferation, invasion, metastasis, apoptosis, and resistance to different therapeutic approaches. The downregulation of long non-coding RNA growth arrest‑specific transcript 5 (GAS5) has been observed in multiple tumor types, indicating its role as a tumor suppressor in cancer. GAS5 exhibits interactions with various proteins, DNA, and microRNAs (miRNAs), leading to the upregulation of several mRNAs encoding suppressor proteins like PTEN. Consequently, this upregulation inhibits tumor growth. In this review, we have examined the existing literature concerning the expression of GAS5 and its diagnostic significance in female tissue-specific cancers, including breast, cervical, ovarian, and endometrial cancers. Additionally, we have explored its interactions with different miRNAs and its impact on cancer progression and resistance to therapy in these malignancies.

Keywords: Drug resistance; Female cancers; Metastasis; Tumor suppressor; lncRNA GAS5; miRNA.

Publication types

Review