Primary Renal Neuroblastoma: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Introduction: Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid tumor found in childhood.

Case representation: Primary renal neuroblastoma has been reported in the literature as case reports. Almost all cases had a preliminary diagnosis of Wilms tumor and were diagnosed as neuroblastoma after nephrectomy. Renal localized neuroblastoma may not be distinguished radiologically from Wilms tumor.

Discussion: We report a case of a 9-month-old infant with primary intrarenal neuroblastoma and provide a literature review. The definitive differential diagnosis of some renal masses is both radiologically and clinically challenging.

Conclusion: In such cases, the input of a multidisciplinary team, including the oncologist, surgeon, and radiologist, is invaluable in deciding on a biopsy or nephrectomy.