The impact of bevacizumab intraperitoneal perfusion combined with paclitaxel and platinum-based chemotherapy on serum stromal-derived factor-1α (SDF-1α) and chemokine ligand 5 (CXCL-5) levels in patients with ovarian cancer after tumor cell debulking surgery

The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of bevacizumab intraperitoneal perfusion combined with paclitaxel and platinum-based chemotherapy on serum stromal-derived factor-1α (SDF-1α) and chemokine ligand 5 (CXCL-5) levels in patients with ovarian cancer after tumor cell debulking surgery. This clinical study was conducted on a cohort of 89 ovarian cancer patients who underwent tumor debulking surgery at our hospital from February 2020 to February 2021. The patients were divided into two groups using a random number table: the control group (n = 44) received postoperative treatment with paclitaxel and platinum-based chemotherapy, while the research group (n = 45) received additional treatment with intraperitoneal perfusion of bevacizumab in addition to the control group's treatment regimen. The analysis included an assessment of the clinical efficacy of both groups, changes in tumor biomarker levels before and after treatment, serum levels of SDF-1α and CXCL-5, T-lymphocyte subset levels, treatment-related adverse reactions, and a 2-year prognosis and survival assessment. The research group showed better performance compared to the control group in terms of disease remission rate (80.00% vs. 59.09%) and treatment effectiveness rate (95.56% vs. 75.00%) (P < 0.05). Before treatment, the levels of tumor biomarkers between the two groups were compared (P > 0.05). After treatment, the levels of serum ferritin, carbohydrate antigen 125, carbohydrate antigen 199, and human epididymis protein 4 in both groups significantly decreased compared to before treatment, with the research group having lower levels (P < 0.05). Before treatment, serum levels of SDF-1α and CXCL-5 between the two groups were compared (P > 0.05). After treatment, however, the levels of SDF-1α and CXCL-5 significantly decreased compared to before treatment, with the research group having lower levels than the control group (P < 0.05). Before treatment, there was no difference in T-lymphocyte levels between the two groups (P > 0.05). In the control group, there was no significant change in T-lymphocyte levels before and after treatment (P > 0.05). In the research group, however, after treatment, each indicator increased compared to before treatment, and posttreatment levels of all indicators were higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). The adverse reactions were compared between the two groups (P > 0.05). The research group had a longer average survival time than the control group, with 1-year and 2-year survival rates higher than the control group (P < 0.05). There was, however, no significant difference between the two groups in terms of local recurrence and metastasis (P > 0.05). In conclusion, bevacizumab intraperitoneal perfusion combined with paclitaxel and platinum-based chemotherapy shows better clinical efficacy in the treatment of ovarian cancer after tumor cell debulking surgery. It can significantly reduce the levels of serum SDF-1α and CXCL-5 in patients, improve survival rates, and demonstrate good safety.