Photoelectrochemical Performance of Brookite Titanium Dioxide Electrodeposited on Graphene Foam for Portable Biosensors

José L Bott-Neto; Thiago S Martins; Gabriel J C Pimentel; Osvaldo N Oliveira Jr; Frank Marken

doi:10.1021/acsomega.4c08624

Photoelectrochemical Performance of Brookite Titanium Dioxide Electrodeposited on Graphene Foam for Portable Biosensors

ACS Omega. 2024 Dec 16;9(52):51474-51480. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.4c08624. eCollection 2024 Dec 31.

Authors

José L Bott-Neto^{1

2

3}, Thiago S Martins^{1

4}, Gabriel J C Pimentel^{3

5}, Osvaldo N Oliveira Jr¹, Frank Marken²

Affiliations

¹ São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, São Paulo 13560-970, Brazil.
² Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, England BA2 7AY, U.K.
³ Brazilian Nanotechnology National Laboratory, Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brazil.
⁴ Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, 82 Wood Lane, London, England W12 0BZ, U.K.
⁵ Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brazil.

Abstract

We discuss the photoelectroanalytical performance of a brookite-phase titanium dioxide (TiO₂) platform electrodeposited onto graphene foam (GF) at low temperatures. The scalable electrosynthesis process eliminates the need for thermal annealing, which is impractical for carbon-based electrodes. Films resulting from a 10 min electrodeposition (TiO₂-10/GF) exhibit enhanced photocurrents, reaching 170 μA cm^-2 _GEO-twice the value for TiO₂ films on traditional screen-printed carbon electrodes (82 μA cm^-2 _GEO). The increased photocurrent density makes TiO₂-10/GF ideal for on-site photoelectrochemical biosensors as it allows for the use of compact systems with low-power LEDs.