Staged microsurgical treatment of a complex scalp arteriovenous fistula combined with type C sAVF and cirsoid aneurysm: a case report and literature review

Front Oncol. 2024 Dec 20:14:1452695. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1452695. eCollection 2024.

Abstract

Scalp arteriovenous fistula (sAVF) is a rare disease caused by a congenital defect or exogenous injury, but no standard treatment exists. In this article, we report a rare case of sAVF combined with type C sAVF and cirsoid aneurysm (CA), which was successfully treated by staging microsurgery. Individualized surgical incisions were designed based on the size and range of the sAVF, and then staging microsurgery was performed. The first surgery was performed by selectively ligating the supply arteries and fistula of the sAVF. The second surgery was performed by total excision of the vascular malformation a month later. The volume of the vascular malformation in the subcutaneous area decreased after the first surgery, and the vascular malformation in the subcutaneous area was completely removed after the second surgery. In the end, we conclude that the nidus or fistula can be removed entirely through personalized surgical incisions for complicated sAVF combined with type C sAVF and CA.

Keywords: cirsoid aneurysm; interventional embolization; microsurgery; scalp arteriovenous fistula; vascular malformation.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

Grants and funding

The author(s) declare financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. This research was supported by the 2021 Sixth Batch of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Youth Science and Technology Talent Promotion Project, Ningxia Health Appropriate Technology Promotion Project (2022-NWSY-003), Yinchuan Science and Technology Plan Project (2023SF08), and Ningxia Natural Science Foundation (2024AAC03472).