Chinese Translation and Measurement of the Heart Failure Needs Assessment Questionnaire in Mainland China

The management of heart failure in patients presents a significant challenge to global public health, marked by an increase in unaddressed needs due to the extended deterioration of health. It is crucial to conduct comprehensive assessments of patients with heart failure, thereby providing personalized care. The purpose of this study was to translate, adapt, and validate the Needs Assessment Questionnaire for people with heart failure in Mainland China and to evaluate its reliability and validity within a population of people with heart failure. A cohort of 246 individuals diagnosed with heart failure was recruited from two medical facilities in China during the period from January 2023 to June 2023. The scale was translated into Chinese using the forward post-translation technique, followed by an evaluation of its reliability and validity. Descriptive statistics, content validity assessment, and Confirmatory Factor Analysis were utilized for validation. Internal consistency, split-half reliability, and test-retest reliability assessments were conducted to assess overall reliability. The Chinese version of the Heart Failure Needs Assessment Questionnaire consists of 4 dimensions and 30 items. The Cronbach α coefficient of the overall scale was 0.90. In the validation factor analysis, the model fit results were χ²/df = 2.259, CFI = 0.933, IFI = 0.933, TLI = 0.927, RMSEA = 0.072, all of which fell within acceptable ranges. The HFNAQ demonstrates strong reliability and validity in assessing the unmet needs of patients with heart failure.