Humeral Head-Split Fracture in Two Dogs

Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2025 Jan;66(1):e70001. doi: 10.1111/vru.70001.

Abstract

Two skeletally immature female dogs were each investigated for chronic weight-bearing thoracic limb lameness. The first patient was lame for 2 months following a tumble whilst playing, and the second patient had been intermittently lame since 3 weeks of age. In both cases, radiographic examination of the shoulder revealed fissuring of the caudal humeral head consistent with an incomplete proximal humeral Salter-Harris type IV fracture with an Enoki-mushroom-like appearance of the caudal fragment, where two heads rise from a common stem. There was secondary neoarthrosis of the caudal humeral head fragment with the glenoid rim of the scapula. Humeral head-split fracture is an unusual fracture pattern that rarely occurs in skeletally immature patients, and conservative management appears to result in reasonable short-term outcomes. The role of early detection and surgical intervention remains unknown.

Keywords: CT; Salter‐Harris; canine; glenohumeral joint; head‐split fracture; proximal humerus fracture; radiograph; shoulder.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Dog Diseases / diagnosis
  • Dog Diseases / diagnostic imaging
  • Dogs / injuries
  • Female
  • Forelimb / diagnostic imaging
  • Forelimb / injuries
  • Humeral Fractures / diagnostic imaging
  • Humeral Fractures / veterinary
  • Humeral Head / diagnostic imaging
  • Humeral Head / injuries
  • Humeral Head / pathology
  • Lameness, Animal* / diagnostic imaging
  • Lameness, Animal* / etiology
  • Radiography / veterinary