Case report: Complete response in TMB-H advanced uterine clear cell carcinoma: a case analysis of paclitaxel albumin-bound combined with PD-1/CTLA-4 bispecific antibody

Front Immunol. 2024 Dec 24:15:1486200. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1486200. eCollection 2024.

Abstract

Background: Uterine clear cell carcinoma (UCCC) is a rare and aggressive subtype of endometrial cancer, often presenting at an advanced stage with poor prognosis. Treatment options for advanced or recurrent UCCC are currently limited, especially after platinum-based chemotherapy has failed.

Case presentation: We present the case of a 49-year-old female diagnosed with stage IV uterine clear cell carcinoma. The patient had a history of atrial fibrillation and initially received several surgical interventions and platinum-based chemotherapy, but these treatments resulted in poor outcomes and rapid tumor progression. Genetic testing showed a high tumor mutation burden (TMB-H, 42.24 mutations/Mb) with stable microsatellites and a suspected harmful mutation in the PMS2 gene. After conventional therapies failed, the patient received a combination treatment of cadonilimab (375 mg) and albumin-bound paclitaxel (380 mg) for six cycles. This was followed by cadonilimab monotherapy for maintenance. This treatment regimen led to a complete response (CR), with no detectable abdominal fluid or enlarged lymph nodes by January 4, 2023. The CR status was maintained during a follow-up on April 07, 2024. The adverse effects included severe myelosuppression, mild skin reactions, hypothyroidism, and Grade 3 hyperglycemia, all of which were managed symptomatically.

Conclusion: This case illustrates how effective AK104/Cadonilimab (a PD-1/CTLA-4 bispecific) can be when combined with albumin-bound paclitaxel for treating advanced UCCC, especially in patients who have not responded to standard therapies. The patient's complete and lasting response shows the potential of PD-1/CTLA-4 bispecific immunotherapy. This suggests that cadonilimab could provide important clinical benefits for patients with advanced or recurrent UCCC.

Keywords: AK104/cadonilimab; PD-1/CTLA-4 bispecific; complete response; immunotherapy; uterine clear cell carcinoma.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell / drug therapy
  • Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell / genetics
  • Albumin-Bound Paclitaxel / therapeutic use
  • Antibodies, Bispecific* / adverse effects
  • Antibodies, Bispecific* / therapeutic use
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols* / adverse effects
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols* / therapeutic use
  • CTLA-4 Antigen*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Middle Aged
  • Neoplasm Staging
  • Paclitaxel / administration & dosage
  • Paclitaxel / adverse effects
  • Paclitaxel / therapeutic use
  • Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor* / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Uterine Neoplasms* / drug therapy

Substances

  • CTLA-4 Antigen
  • Antibodies, Bispecific
  • Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor
  • CTLA4 protein, human
  • PDCD1 protein, human
  • Albumin-Bound Paclitaxel
  • Paclitaxel