Background: Sinonasal mucosal melanoma has poor survival despite multimodality treatment. While the impact of immunotherapy (IT) on metastatic cutaneous melanoma is well-defined, there are relatively little data on sinonasal mucosal melanoma.
Objective: We sought to define immunotherapy outcomes in patients with sinonasal mucosal melanoma.
Methods: A retrospective cohort study evaluated patients treated with IT during their overall treatment strategy for SNMM. Patient demographics, treatment, and survival outcomes were recorded.
Results: 52 patients had IT treatment for SNMM from 2000 to 2022, with an average age of 69.1 ± 11.9 years. The most common treatment was surgery with radiation and IT (n = 26, 50%). Most regimens consisted of a combination of Nivolumab and Ipilimumab (n = 17, 32.7%) or pembrolizumab (n = 14, 26.9%). 44.2% of patients experienced reported complications. Overall survival at 1-, 2-, and 5 years was 86.9%, 74.1%, and 39.1%, respectively.
Conclusion: Approximately half of patients will have a local response following immunotherapy, but it is rare to have improvement at metastatic locations. Further research within our group will assess optimal timing and markers that are predictive of response.
Keywords: cancer; immunotherapy; malignancy; melanoma; nasal; outcomes; sinonasal; sinonasal mucosal melanoma; sinus; treatment.