The application value of dynamic electroencephalography combined with brainstem auditory evoked potential in evaluating the degree of vascular stenosis and prognosis in patients with ischemic stroke: A retrospective analysis

The aim was to explore the application value of dynamic electroencephalography (EEG) combined with brainstem auditory evoked potential (BAEP) in evaluating the degree of vascular stenosis and prognosis in patients with ischemic stroke (IS). This was a retrospective study using clinical data of patients with IS admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College from March 2020 to March 2022. The degree of vascular stenosis and prognosis of patients were analyzed. In addition, the correlation between EEG, BAEP examination and the degree of vascular stenosis was studied. A total of 105 patients met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in this study. Among them, 43 cases were mild stenosis, 42 cases were moderate stenosis, and 20 cases were severe stenosis; 32 cases had poor prognosis and 73 cases had good prognosis. The quantitative electroencephalogram index (delta + theta)/(alpha + beta) ratio (DTABR), peak latency (PL) of waves I and V, and interval PL (IPL) of waves III to V and I to V in patients with moderate stenosis or severe stenosis were significantly higher than those in patients with mild stenosis (P < .05). Moreover, the above indicators were significantly higher in patients with severe stenosis than in patients with moderate stenosis (P < .05). According to Spearman test, the patients' DTABR, PL of wave I and wave V, and IPL of wave III to V and wave I to V were positively correlated with the degree of vascular stenosis, respectively (P < .05). The DTABR, wave I, wave V, wave III to V, and wave I to V of patients with poor prognosis were higher than those with good prognosis (P < .05). The DTABR, PL of waves I and V, and IPL of waves III to V and I to V in patients with poor prognosis were significantly higher than those in patients with good prognosis (P < .05). EEG combined with BAEP has high value in assessing the degree of vascular stenosis and prognosis in patients with IS, which provides a reference basis for clinical development or adjustment of subsequent intervention plans.