Single-Stage Microsurgical Clipping of Multiple Intracranial Aneurysms in a Patient with Cerebral Atherosclerosis: A Case Report and Review of Surgical Management

The management of multiple intracranial aneurysms presents significant clinical challenges, particularly when complicated by underlying conditions such as cerebral atherosclerosis. This case report highlights the successful treatment of a 66-year-old female diagnosed with three intracranial aneurysms located in the right middle cerebral artery (MCA), pericallosal artery, and M2 segment. The patient also had a history of systemic atherosclerosis and right-sided breast cancer, factors that increased the complexity of surgical intervention. The aim of this report is to demonstrate the efficacy of single-stage microsurgical clipping in managing multiple aneurysms with favorable outcomes in a complex patient profile. Methods: The patient underwent right-sided pterional craniotomy for microsurgical clipping of all three aneurysms during a single-stage procedure. Two aneurysms in the MCA were clipped using Yasargil clips, and a third aneurysm located at the bifurcation of the pericallosal artery was also secured with a clip. The procedure was performed under microscopic visualization, with meticulous dissection of the atherosclerotic vessels and careful intraoperative hemostasis. Postoperative care involved proactive perioperative management, including blood pressure control and vigilant neurological monitoring. Results: Postoperative imaging at three months confirmed proper clip placement with no evidence of residual aneurysm filling or ischemic complications. The patient exhibited a full neurological recovery, with no deficits or further complications, highlighting the effectiveness of the surgical approach in managing multiple aneurysms concurrently. Conclusions: This case supports the use of single-stage microsurgical clipping as an effective treatment for patients with multiple intracranial aneurysms, even in the presence of complicating factors such as atherosclerosis. A meticulous surgical technique and perioperative management are critical to achieving favorable outcomes and reducing the risk of delayed ischemia or other postoperative complications.