Application of Raman Spectroscopy in the Non-invasive Diagnosis of Urological Diseases via Urine

Ailiyaer Ainiwaer; ShuWen Sun; Ayinuer Bohetiyaer; Yuchao Liu; Yufeng Jiang; Wentao Zhang; JingCheng Zhang; Tianyuan Xu; Hanyang Chen; Xudong Yao; Chengyou Jia; Yang Yan

doi:10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.104477

Application of Raman Spectroscopy in the Non-invasive Diagnosis of Urological Diseases via Urine

Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther. 2025 Jan 13:104477. doi: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.104477. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Ailiyaer Ainiwaer¹, ShuWen Sun², Ayinuer Bohetiyaer³, Yuchao Liu⁴, Yufeng Jiang⁴, Wentao Zhang⁴, JingCheng Zhang⁴, Tianyuan Xu⁴, Hanyang Chen⁵, Xudong Yao⁶, Chengyou Jia⁷, Yang Yan⁸

Affiliations

¹ Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China; Urologic Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China; Department of Urology, Kashgar Prefecture Second People's Hospital, Kashgar, Xinjiang Uyghur, China.
² Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China; Center of Clinical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.
³ Department of Nephrology, Kashgar Prefecture First People's Hospital, Kashgar, Xinjiang Uyghur, China.
⁴ Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China; Urologic Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
⁵ Urologic Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
⁶ Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China; Urologic Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China. Electronic address: [email protected].
⁷ Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Research Center for Thyroid Diseases, Shanghai Tenth People Hospital, Shanghai, China. Electronic address: [email protected].
⁸ Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China; Urologic Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China. Electronic address: [email protected].

PMID: 39814328
DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.104477

Abstract

Objectives: The objective of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of the utilization of Raman spectroscopy in urinary system diseases, highlighting its potential in non-invasive diagnostic methodologies for early diagnosis and prognostic assessment of urinary ailments.

Methods: We searched PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar using 'raman,' 'bladder,' 'kidney,' 'prostate,' 'cancer,' 'infection,' 'stone or urinary calculi,' and 'urine or urinary,' along with 'AND' and 'OR' to refine our search. We excluded irrelevant articles and screened potential ones based on titles and abstracts before assessing the full texts for relevance and quality.

Findings: The findings indicate that RS can furnish data on biomolecules in urine, which is significant for non-invasive diagnostic approaches. It has shown potential within non-invasive diagnostic methodologies and is expected to play a pivotal role in the early diagnosis and prognostic assessment of urinary system diseases, such as malignancies, urinary tract infections, kidney diseases, urolithiasis, and other urinary conditions.

Conclusions: Raman spectroscopy has demonstrated significant potential in providing precise and rapid diagnostic approaches for clinical use in the context of urinary system diseases. Its ability to analyze biomolecules non-invasively positions it as an increasingly important tool in the early diagnosis and prognostic assessment of these conditions.

Keywords: Kidney disease; Non-invasive diagnosis; Raman spectroscopy; Urinary cancer; Urinary tract infections; Urine.

Publication types

Review