Diabetic microvascular complications are associated with left ventricular hypertrophy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Simo Liu; Jing Ke; Xiaotong Feng; Yongsong Xu; Lin Zhu; Longyan Yang; Dong Zhao

doi:10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2024.108947

Diabetic microvascular complications are associated with left ventricular hypertrophy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

J Diabetes Complications. 2024 Dec 29;39(2):108947. doi: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2024.108947. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Simo Liu¹, Jing Ke¹, Xiaotong Feng¹, Yongsong Xu², Lin Zhu¹, Longyan Yang³, Dong Zhao⁴

Affiliations

¹ Center for Endocrine Metabolism and Immune Diseases, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101149, China.
² Center for Endocrine Metabolism and Immune Diseases, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101149, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Beijing 101149, China.
³ Center for Endocrine Metabolism and Immune Diseases, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101149, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Beijing 101149, China. Electronic address: [email protected].
⁴ Center for Endocrine Metabolism and Immune Diseases, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101149, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Beijing 101149, China. Electronic address: [email protected].

PMID: 39823781
DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2024.108947

Abstract

Background: Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is an important and common pathologic change in the heart of patients with diabetes mellitus. Microvascular complications have been reported to be involved in the development and process of LVH. This study aimed to explore the association between diabetic microvascular complications and LVH in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Material and methods: This is a cross-sectional study. A total of 2912 patients with T2DM were enrolled, including 360 patients with LVH and 2552 patients without LVH. Demographic data, medical history and laboratory indices were collected, along with information on diabetic microvascular complications and results from cardiac ultrasonography. The study utilized multivariable logistic regression to evaluate the independent effects of microvascular complications (DR, DPN, or DKD) and the cumulative number of these complications on the presence of LVH, while adjusting for potential confounding factors.

Result: In patients with T2DM, those with LVH were older and had higher body mass index, waist circumference and hip circumference than those without LVH. Additionally, the proportion of patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR) and diabetic kidney disease (DKD) was larger among those with LVH compared to those without LVH. After adjusting for potential confounding factors, DR and DKD were associated with increased odds of LVH (odds ratio [OR] = 1.351 and OR = 1.404, respectively). The risk of LVH also increased progressively in patients with two or more diabetic microvascular conditions compared to those with only one. In subgroup analysis, the risk of LVH increased with the number of microvascular conditions in male patients with T2DM.

Conclusions: Diabetic microvascular complications were significantly associated with LVH in T2DM. Moreover, the risk of LVH increased with the number of microvascular complications, particularly in males with T2DM.

Keywords: Diabetic microvascular complications; Inflammation; Left ventricular hypertrophy; Type 2 diabetes mellitus.