Adolescence is a critical period for the development of the reward circuit, and reward positivity (RewP) is one of the electrophysiological indicators reflecting reward processing. Many studies have shown that abnormalities in RewP is closely associated with internalizing and externalizing problems in children and adolescents. In addition, factors such as stressful life events and sleep disorders can affect reward-related brain activity and increase the risk of various psychopathological problems in this population. The article reviews the characteristics of changes in RewP among children and adolescents with various internalizing and externalizing problems in recent years, aiming to provide a reference for the basic research on the pathogenesis of these issues and to identify new targets for clinical diagnosis and treatment.
青春期是个体奖赏回路发育的关键时期，奖赏正波（reward positivity, RewP）作为反映奖赏处理的电生理指标之一，多项研究表明，RewP异常与儿童青少年内外化问题密切相关。此外，压力性生活事件及睡眠障碍等因素会影响与奖赏相关的大脑活动，也可能会增加儿童青少年不同精神病理学的风险。因此，该文对近几年RewP在儿童青少年不同内外化问题中的变化特征进行综述，以期为内外化问题发病机制的基础研究提供参考，为其临床诊治寻找新靶标。.
Keywords: Adolescent; Child; Externalizing problem; Internalizing problem; Reward positivity.