A case of testicular leiomyoma in androgen insensitivity syndrome: exploring malignancy controversies

Testicular leiomyoma is an exceptionally rare finding in patients with androgen insensitivity syndrome (AIS). Here, we present a report of a 30-year-old individual diagnosed with complete AIS who presented with an inguinal mass subsequently identified as a right sided testicular leiomyoma. While leiomyoma are generally considered benign, controversies persist regarding the potential for malignancy in inguinal masses among AIS patients. This case underscores the complexity of diagnosing and managing such rare occurrences, particularly when considering the diverse opinions found in the scientific literature regarding the malignant potential of inguinal masses in AIS individuals. By presenting this case, we contribute to the ongoing debate on the evaluation and treatment of inguinal masses in AIS patients, emphasizing the need for further research and consensus in this area.