Functional polysaccharide-based hydrogel in bone regeneration: From fundamentals to advanced applications

Carbohydr Polym. 2025 Mar 15:352:123138. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.123138. Epub 2024 Dec 13.

Abstract

Bone regeneration is limited and generally requires external intervention to promote effective repair. Autografts, allografts, and xenografts as traditional methods for addressing bone defects have been widely utilized, their clinical applicability is limited due to their respective disadvantages. Fortunately, functional polysaccharide hydrogels have gained significant attention in bone regeneration due to their exceptional drug-loading capacity, biocompatibility, and ease of chemical modification. They also provide an optimal microenvironment for bone repair and regeneration. This review provides an overview of various functional polysaccharide hydrogels derived from biocompatible materials, focusing on their applications in intelligent delivery systems, bone tissue regeneration, and cartilage defect repair. Particularly, the incorporation of bioactive molecules into the design of functional polysaccharide hydrogels has been shown to significantly enhance bone regeneration. Additionally, this review emphasizes the preparation methods for functional polysaccharide hydrogels and associated the bone healing mechanisms. Finally, the limitations and future prospects of functional polysaccharide hydrogels are thoroughly evaluated.

Keywords: Bone tissue engineering; Cartilage repair; Functional polysaccharide-based hydrogels; Intelligent delivery.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Biocompatible Materials* / chemistry
  • Biocompatible Materials* / pharmacology
  • Bone Regeneration* / drug effects
  • Cartilage / drug effects
  • Cartilage / physiology
  • Humans
  • Hydrogels* / chemistry
  • Hydrogels* / pharmacology
  • Polysaccharides* / chemistry
  • Polysaccharides* / pharmacology
  • Tissue Engineering / methods

Substances

  • Hydrogels
  • Polysaccharides
  • Biocompatible Materials