Abstract
直肠阴道隔子宫内膜异位症(RVSE)属于重度子宫内膜异位症,严重影响患者的身心健康,临床中并不少见。为提高临床医师对RVSE的认识和重视,本文从RVSE的定义、诊断及治疗研究进展进行综述。RVSE以痛经、慢性盆腔痛、性交痛、肛门坠胀、不孕及经期腹泻、便秘等症状为主要临床表现。妇科检查表现为阴道后穹隆紫蓝色结节,子宫后倾固定,直肠阴道隔不规则片状实性触痛结节。结合超声或MRI等影像学辅助检查可协助诊断,但确诊仍需组织病理学。治疗方法包括药物治疗和手术治疗。治疗方案应根据患者年龄、症状、生育需求及既往治疗史等综合评估,进行个体化选择。手术应尽量切除病灶,并保持器官结构及功能完整性。近年来RVSE的诊断及治疗取得了一定的进展,但仍存在一些目前亟待进一步研究的难题。.
MeSH terms
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Dysmenorrhea / diagnosis
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Dysmenorrhea / etiology
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Dysmenorrhea / therapy
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Endometriosis* / diagnosis
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Endometriosis* / therapy
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Female
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Humans
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Infertility, Female / diagnosis
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Infertility, Female / etiology
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Infertility, Female / therapy
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Laparoscopy / methods
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Magnetic Resonance Imaging*
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Pelvic Pain / diagnosis
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Pelvic Pain / etiology
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Pelvic Pain / therapy
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Rectal Diseases / diagnosis
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Rectal Diseases / therapy
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Rectum / pathology
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Rectum / surgery
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Ultrasonography
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Vagina* / pathology
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Vagina* / surgery
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Vaginal Diseases / diagnosis
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Vaginal Diseases / therapy