137 patients were actively treated because of chronic uremia, during 1966 to 1977 in the city of Göteborg. One year patient survival increased from 51% (1966 to 1968) to 81% (1975 to 1977). Peritoneal dialysis decreased as the initial mode of treatment, and only 3% of the patients started dialysis treatment with this mode of therapy in the last 3-year period. Mean age of the actively treated patients was 44 years. A decreasing mean age of the actively treated patients was found towards the end of the period, reflecting more liberal criteria for accepting young patients with different systemic diseases. If the initial mode of treatment was dialysis, 1-year patient survival in the last 3-year period was 77%.