The intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) is a very frequent pathological entity. After a brief review of the literature of this problem, the AA. expose the ultrasonic techniques that put in evidence the IUGR, and the results obtained. In relation to this diagnosis, the AA. underline the importance of the abdominal diameter (AD) measurement. It is also very important to begin this control from the 28th week on.