Biochemistry of the Src protein-tyrosine kinase: regulation by SH2 and SH3 domains

Recent Prog Horm Res. 1994:49:149-60. doi: 10.1016/b978-0-12-571149-4.50011-8.

Abstract

pp60c-Srs (c-Src) is the prototype for a family of cytoplasmic protein-tyrosine kinases involved in the control of signal transduction. In addition to the enzymatic kinase domain, c-Src has several noncatalytic domains which regulate Src tyrosine kinase activity in both a positive and a negative fashion. Phosphorylation of c-Src at Tyr527 in the noncatalytic C-terminal tail is a key mechanism for repression of c-Src tyrosine kinase activity. This inhibitory phosphorylation is apparently catalyzed by another cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase (Csk). Recent evidence suggests that the c-Src SH2 domain participates in this phosphorylation-dependent repression of kinase activity through an intramolecular association with the phosphotyrosine-containing C-terminus. The SH3 domain of c-Src also negatively regulates c-Src tyrosin kinase activity, although the mechanism is as yet unknown. However, in the background of constitutively active transforming Src variants, such as a c-Src mutant with an amino acid substitution eliminating Tyr527 (527F c-Src) or the retroviral oncogene v-src product pp60v-src (v-Src), both the SH2 and SH3 domains contribute positively to the enzymatic and biological activities of the Src tyrosine kinase through interactions with Src substrates and/or cellular regulators.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Amino Acid Sequence
  • Animals
  • Binding Sites
  • Cell Transformation, Neoplastic
  • Molecular Sequence Data
  • Phosphorylation
  • Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / chemistry
  • Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / metabolism*
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins pp60(c-src) / chemistry
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins pp60(c-src) / metabolism*
  • Structure-Activity Relationship
  • Substrate Specificity

Substances

  • Protein-Tyrosine Kinases
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins pp60(c-src)