The description of the epidemic manifestations of cholera in the Republic of Daghestan at the period of the seventh pandemic, linked with the action of such common transmission factors as water, food and everyday contacts, is presented and their role in the territorial spread of this infection is evaluated. The analysis of family foci in the Derbent and Kaiakent regions in 1994 is given; the conclusion is made that a low sanitary level of human dwellings leads to a wide spread of cholera among close relations due to the action of water, alimentary and contact factors of transmission.