The amyloid beta-protein precursor and its mammalian homologues. Evidence for a zinc-modulated heparin-binding superfamily

J Biol Chem. 1994 Oct 28;269(43):26618-21.

Abstract

The Alzheimer beta-amyloid precursor protein (APP) contains an ectodomain zinc binding site that has been reported to modulate the heparin affinity and protease-inhibitory properties of the molecule. This motif, GVEFVCCP, is highly conserved in amyloid precursor-like proteins 1 and 2 (APLP1 and APLP2), as well as in the Drosophila and Caenorhabditis elegans APP-like proteins (APPL and APL-1). To determine whether the function of this domain is preserved in the human APP-like proteins, the effect of zinc in modulating the elution profile of these proteins upon heparin-Sepharose chromatography was studied. Both APLP1 and APLP2 bound heparin-Sepharose and had NaCl elution profiles similar to that of APP. As previously reported for APP, zinc increased the recovery of APLP1 and APLP2 upon heparin-Sepharose chromatography. APP, APLP1, and APLP2 all bind zinc-chelating Sepharose, indicating that the zinc binding motif may be functionally conserved in these proteins. Additionally, APP, APLP1, and APLP2 migrate at higher molecular sizes (approximately 40 kDa) on SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis than their predicted molecular sizes. We report data that compare the physicochemical properties of APP to its novel APLP homologues and indicate that these molecules behave as a family of zinc-modulated, heparin-binding proteins.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Amino Acid Sequence
  • Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor / genetics
  • Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor / metabolism*
  • Animals
  • Binding Sites
  • Caenorhabditis elegans
  • Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins*
  • Chromatography
  • Conserved Sequence
  • Drosophila
  • Drosophila Proteins*
  • Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel
  • Helminth Proteins / metabolism*
  • Humans
  • Membrane Proteins*
  • Mice
  • Molecular Sequence Data
  • Multigene Family
  • Nerve Tissue Proteins / metabolism*
  • Sepharose / analogs & derivatives
  • Sepharose / metabolism
  • Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
  • Zinc / metabolism*

Substances

  • APL-1 protein, C elegans
  • Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor
  • Appl protein, Drosophila
  • Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins
  • Drosophila Proteins
  • Helminth Proteins
  • Membrane Proteins
  • Nerve Tissue Proteins
  • heparin-sepharose
  • Sepharose
  • Zinc