Vomitoxin (deoxynivalenol) is a fungal toxin that induces serum IgA hyperelevation, IgA autoantibodies, mesangial IgA deposition in mice upon dietary exposure. The capacity of dietary vomitoxin to similarly alter serum IgE was assessed in female B6C3F1 mice. Ingestion of 25 ppm vomitoxin in AIN-76A semipurified diet resulted in 2.7-, 4-, 5- and 2.3-fold increases in serum IgE relative to controls after 12, 16, 20, and 24 weeks of toxin feeding, respectively. When mice were fed 25 ppm vomitoxin for 8 weeks and continued on toxin-free diet, serum IgE levels were 2.4, 4, 4.9, and 2-fold that of controls at 12, 16, 20, and 24 weeks, respectively. IgE levels were not significantly different between treatment and withdrawal groups at Weeks 12-24. These results differed from those of serum IgA, which increased much earlier and only during toxin administration, and those of IgG, which was largely unaffected compared to controls. The results indicate that a defined period of vomitoxin ingestion can subsequently induce progressive dysregulation of IgE production in addition to previously described IgA-related pathologic effects.