Application of the non-radioisotopic carbonyl metalloimmunoassay (CMIA) to diphenylhydantoin

Res Commun Chem Pathol Pharmacol. 1994 Apr;84(1):81-92.

Abstract

As part of our ongoing work to develop the new non-isotopic assay method carbonyl metalloimmunoassay (CMIA), whose efficacy has already been proven in the laboratory for phenobarbital and cortisol, we here present the steps involved in establishing CMIA of 5,5 diphenylhydantoin (DPH), one of the most commonly used antiepileptic medications. First, anti-DPH antibodies were obtained by injection of the immunogen DPH-3-valerate-BSA into rabbits. The titer value and specificity of these antibodies were examined by RIA using [14C]-DPH as tracer, and an antibody batch selected for its high titer value and good specificity for metabolites of DPH and other antiepileptic drugs. Next the organometallic complex Cr(CO)3-DPH, chosen as the CMIA tracer, was synthesized and shown to conserve a high recognition value for anti-DPH antibodies (CR = 200%). Isopropyl ether was selected as the best organic solvent for use in separating the free and bound fractions of the tracer. Employing the Cr(CO)3-DPH complex as tracer and FT-IR spectroscopy as the detection method, we were able to obtain a titration curve by CMIA using an amount of tracer identical to that used in RIA. The titer value obtained in CMIA is approximately twice that obtained by RIA. These results demonstrate the feasibility of DPH assay by the CMIA method.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antibody Formation
  • Cross Reactions
  • Immunoassay / methods*
  • Organometallic Compounds / chemical synthesis
  • Organometallic Compounds / immunology
  • Phenytoin / analogs & derivatives
  • Phenytoin / analysis*
  • Phenytoin / chemical synthesis
  • Phenytoin / immunology
  • Rabbits
  • Radioimmunoassay
  • Serum Albumin, Bovine / chemical synthesis
  • Serum Albumin, Bovine / immunology
  • Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared

Substances

  • 5,5-diphenylhydantoin-3-valerate-bovine serum albumin
  • Organometallic Compounds
  • diphenylhydantoin-3-phenyltricarbonylchromium ethyl acetate
  • Serum Albumin, Bovine
  • Phenytoin