Tumour induced hypercalcaemia: a case for active treatment

Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol). 1994;6(3):172-6. doi: 10.1016/s0936-6555(94)80057-x.

Abstract

This paper reports a retrospective survey of the diagnosis, management and outcome of hypercalcaemia in patients admitted to a regional oncology centre over a 12-month period; 168 cases of tumour induced hypercalcaemia were identified. In 69 patients (41%) the presence of hypercalcaemia was not noted in the case records; in a further 15 patients (9%) a positive decision was made not to treat the condition, although some of these patients continued to receive other forms of active treatment. Of the remaining patients, 20 (12%) received intravenous fluids alone and 64 (38%) received bisphosphonate therapy. Of those patients with initial serum calcium > 3 mmol/l 71% were treated with bisphosphonates. Median survival from onset of hypercalcaemia was only 2 months, but in the bisphosphonate treated group, 98% experienced a fall in serum calcium within a week of treatment. We believe that the symptomatic relief associated with a fall in serum calcium justifies active management even in the face of a poor prognosis. A large proportion of cases of tumour induced hypercalcaemia remain undiagnosed or untreated and we believe that this deserves further attention.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Calcium / blood
  • Diphosphonates / therapeutic use
  • Female
  • Fluid Therapy
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Hypercalcemia / blood
  • Hypercalcemia / drug therapy
  • Hypercalcemia / etiology*
  • Hypercalcemia / therapy*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Neoplasms / blood
  • Neoplasms / complications*
  • Neoplasms / drug therapy
  • Neoplasms / radiotherapy
  • Prevalence
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Survival Rate
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Diphosphonates
  • Calcium