A case of posttraumatic osteolysis of the pubic bone simulating a malignant lesion in a 55-year-old woman is reported. A review of the literature revealed that all reported cases occurred in post-menopausal women, associated with radiologic evidence of osteoporosis and a history of slight trauma. Biopsy was performed because of the possible malignant nature of the lesion, which should be suspected in all post-menopausal women with a destructive lesion of the pubic bone.