Intramolecular folding of a fragment of the cytosine-rich strand of telomeric DNA into an i-motif

Nucleic Acids Res. 1994 May 11;22(9):1600-6. doi: 10.1093/nar/22.9.1600.

Abstract

In the recently discovered i-motif, four stretches of cytosine form two parallel-stranded duplexes whose C.C+ base pairs are fully intercalated. The i-motif may be recognized by characteristic Overhauser cross-peaks of the proton NMR spectrum, reflecting short H1'-H1' distances across the minor groove, and short internucleotide amino-proton-H2'/H2" across the major groove. We report the observation of such cross-peaks in the spectra of a fragment of the C-rich telomeric strand of vertebrates, d[CCCTAA]3CCC. The spectra also demonstrate that the cytosines are base-paired and that proton exchange is very slow, as reported previously for the i-motif. From UV absorbance and gel chromatography measurements, we assign these properties to an i-motif which includes all or nearly all the cytosines, and which is formed by intramolecular folding at slightly acid or neutral pH. A fragment of telomeric DNA of Tetrahymena, d[CCCCAA]3CCCC, has the same properties. Hence four consecutive C stretches of a C-rich telomeric strand can fold into an i-motif. Hypothetically, this could occur in vivo.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Base Composition
  • Base Sequence
  • Chromatography, Gel
  • Cytosine / chemistry*
  • DNA / chemistry*
  • DNA, Protozoan / chemistry
  • Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
  • Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
  • Molecular Sequence Data
  • Nucleic Acid Conformation*
  • Protons
  • Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet
  • Telomere / chemistry*
  • Tetrahymena / genetics*

Substances

  • DNA, Protozoan
  • Protons
  • Cytosine
  • DNA