The experimental and clinical progress in the field of immunosuppression, microsurgical replantation and macro-replantation provides a basis for the allotransplantation of whole limbs or anatomical segments. Possible indications would be clinically: Posttraumatic and tumor-induced defects, as well as congenital and infectious mutilations. Specific immunological problems of rejection under different immunosuppressive regimens and future methods for the induction of immune tolerance are discussed.