CpG islands of chicken are concentrated on microchromosomes

Nat Genet. 1996 Mar;12(3):321-4. doi: 10.1038/ng0396-321.

Abstract

The chicken karyotype comprises 39 chromosome pairs of which at least 29 are 'microchromosomes'. Microchromosomes account for about 25% of the genomic DNA, but they are cytologically indistinguishable from one another (1). Due to technical limitations there is a strong bias of mapped genes within the chicken genome database ChickGBASE (2) towards macrochromosomes 1-6 and Z, with specific assignments to only one microchromosome (3,4). Several genes have, however, been assigned to the microchromosome group as a whole (3,5-9), demonstrating that these tiny chromosomes do not represent genetically inert DNA. To determine the overall chromosomal distribution of genes, as well as to provide a mapping resource, we prepared a CpG island library from chicken using differential binding to a methyl-CpG chicken using differential binding to a methyl-CpG binding column before and after de novo methylation (10). Surprisingly, we found that chicken CpG islands are highly concentrated on the microchromosomes, whereas macrochromosomes 1-6 are comparatively gene-poor by this assay. Our results raise the possibility that gene density on chicken microchromosomes approaches the maximum value known for vertebrates.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Base Sequence
  • Chick Embryo
  • Chromosome Mapping*
  • CpG Islands / genetics*
  • DNA
  • Gene Library
  • In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
  • Molecular Sequence Data

Substances

  • DNA

Associated data

  • GENBANK/X91904
  • GENBANK/X91905
  • GENBANK/X91942
  • GENBANK/X91943
  • GENBANK/X91944
  • GENBANK/X91945
  • GENBANK/X91946
  • GENBANK/X91947
  • GENBANK/X91948
  • GENBANK/X91949
  • GENBANK/X91950
  • GENBANK/X91951
  • GENBANK/X91952
  • GENBANK/X91993