Homocysteine antagonism of nitric oxide-related cytostasis in Salmonella typhimurium

Science. 1996 Apr 19;272(5260):414-7. doi: 10.1126/science.272.5260.414.

Abstract

Nitric oxide (NO) is associated with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity of particular importance in infections caused by intracellular pathogens. An insertion mutation in the metL gene of Salmonella typhimurium conferred specific hypersusceptibility to S-nitrosothiol NO-donor compounds and attenuated virulence of the organism in mice. The metL gene product catalyzes two proximal metabolic steps required for homocysteine biosynthesis. S-Nitrosothiol resistance was restored by exogenous homocysteine or introduction of the metL gene on a plasmid. Measurement of expression of the homocysteine-sensitive metH gene indicated that S-nitrosothiols may directly deplete intracellular homocysteine. Homocysteine may act as an endogenous NO antagonist in diverse processes including infection, atherosclerosis, and neurologic disease.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Aspartokinase Homoserine Dehydrogenase / genetics
  • Aspartokinase Homoserine Dehydrogenase / metabolism*
  • Base Sequence
  • Drug Resistance, Microbial
  • Female
  • Glutathione / analogs & derivatives
  • Glutathione / pharmacology
  • Homocysteine / metabolism
  • Homocysteine / pharmacology
  • Homocysteine / physiology*
  • Mercaptoethanol*
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred C3H
  • Microbial Sensitivity Tests
  • Molecular Sequence Data
  • Mutagenesis, Insertional
  • Nitric Oxide / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Nitric Oxide / metabolism
  • Nitroso Compounds / pharmacology
  • S-Nitrosoglutathione
  • S-Nitrosothiols*
  • Salmonella Infections, Animal / microbiology
  • Salmonella typhimurium / cytology
  • Salmonella typhimurium / drug effects
  • Salmonella typhimurium / pathogenicity
  • Salmonella typhimurium / physiology*
  • Virulence

Substances

  • Nitroso Compounds
  • S-Nitrosothiols
  • Homocysteine
  • Nitric Oxide
  • S-Nitrosoglutathione
  • Mercaptoethanol
  • S-nitrosomercaptoethanol
  • Aspartokinase Homoserine Dehydrogenase
  • Glutathione