Two alleles encoding HLA-Cw7 antigens, tentatively called C7J1 and C7J2, have been identified in Japanese using a PCR-SSCP method. The nucleotide sequence of full-length C7J1 cDNAs showed a high degree of homology to the reported Cw*0702 sequence except in exon 1. We then resequenced the allele carried by the cell line JY in which Cw*0702 was first identified, according to a request from the WHO Nomenclature Committee. The results revealed complete identity between the corrected Cw*0702 sequence and the C7J1 sequence. On the other hand, the C7J2 sequence was completely identical to the reported Cw*0704 sequence. Sequences specific for Cw*0702 and Cw*0704 were confirmed using PCR-RFLP and PCR-SSO methods. Moreover, association analysis with other HLA locus alleles showed positive associations of Cw*0702 with HLA-B7, -B39, and -B67 and of Cw*0704 with HLA-B70 in Japanese.