Presented in this paper is a report of the prospective studies on rectal cancer. By using the method of anticancer agent gelatin sponge to form embolism and by ligating the bilateral arteria iliaca internal, we performed Miles' operation on 64 cases of rectal cancer. Only 24 cases in the control group had Miles' operation. The amount of blood transfused during operation, duration of operation, days of hospitalization, infection rate of incision on the peritoneum, and relapse rate in treated group were significantly different from those in the control group (P < 0.05).