Peripheral nerve (PN) was grafted to sectioned optic nerve and was bridged to the superior colliculus in adult rats. To test functional recovery of restored retinocollicular pathway, we examined cortical electroencephalogram (EEG) and behavioral arousal responses to light stimuli. In eight of 10 recording trials in PN grafted rats (n = 6) and in all of eight trials in normal rats (n = 5), cortical EEGs showed desynchronization to light stimuli. On the other hand, after bilateral sections of the optic nerve (n = 3) EEG desynchronization to light disappeared while it was induced by a white noise. Mean threshold duration of light for EEG desynchronization was significantly longer in the PN grafted rats (440 ms) than in normal rats (173 ms). In three of six trials in PN grafted rats (n = 4), and in four of eight trials in normal rats (n = 4), EEG desynchronization elicited by light stimulus was accompanied by behavioral arousal responses, whereas no behavioral arousal could be induced by light in blind rats (n = 3). These results strongly suggest that visual information processed through the restored retinocollicular pathway was further transmitted to the cerebral cortices and ultimately resulted in behavioral arousal of the PN grafted rats.