A study of the potential confounding effects of diet, caffeine, nicotine and lorazepam on the stability of plasma and urinary homovanillic acid levels in patients with schizophrenia

Biol Psychiatry. 1996 Dec 15;40(12):1218-21. doi: 10.1016/0006-3223(95)00650-8.

Abstract

Ten men inpatients who met DSM-III-R criteria for schizophrenia participated. On five occasions at least one week apart, each subject had an intravenous line placed at 0730 after an overnight fast. On each occasion blood samples were drawn at 0800 and hourly thereafter through 1200 noon for measurement of plasma homovanillic acid (HVA). Total four-hour urine collections were obtained for measurement of urinary HVA. Subjects received five experimental conditions, in randomized sequence: no intervention, smoking one cigarette per hour, drinking one caffeinated cola per hour, lorazepam 2 mg IV push, or a high monoamine meal. Baseline (0800) plasma HVA measures showed only minor intrinsic variability. The average standard deviation in baseline plasma HVA over five occasions of measurement was low relative to the changes in HVA produced during treatment with antipsychotic medications. The high monoamine meal significantly elevated plasma HVA, with a similar trend for urinary HVA. Neither caffeine, nicotine, nor lorazepam significantly affected plasma or urinary HVA.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial
  • Randomized Controlled Trial

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Caffeine / pharmacokinetics
  • Caffeine / urine
  • Central Nervous System Stimulants / pharmacokinetics
  • Central Nervous System Stimulants / urine
  • Diet
  • Drug Interactions
  • GABA Modulators / pharmacokinetics
  • GABA Modulators / urine
  • Homovanillic Acid / urine*
  • Humans
  • Lorazepam / pharmacokinetics
  • Lorazepam / urine
  • Male
  • Nicotine / pharmacokinetics
  • Nicotine / urine
  • Nicotinic Agonists / pharmacokinetics
  • Nicotinic Agonists / urine
  • Psychiatric Status Rating Scales
  • Schizophrenia / urine*
  • Time Factors

Substances

  • Central Nervous System Stimulants
  • GABA Modulators
  • Nicotinic Agonists
  • Caffeine
  • Nicotine
  • Lorazepam
  • Homovanillic Acid