Sensitivity and mass accuracy for proteins analyzed directly from polyacrylamide gels: implications for proteome mapping

Electrophoresis. 1997 Mar-Apr;18(3-4):382-90. doi: 10.1002/elps.1150180312.

Abstract

Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) mass spectra have been obtained directly from thin-layer isoelectric focusing (IEF) gels with as little as 700 femtomoles of alpha- and beta-chain bovine hemoglobin and bovine carbonic anhydrase, and 2 picomoles of bovine trypsinogen, soybean trypsin inhibitor, and bovine serum albumin all loaded onto a single lane. By soaking the gel in a matrix solution, matrix was deposited over the entire gel surface, allowing MALDI scanning down complete lanes of the one-dimensional gel. As long as matrix crystals were deposited finely on the surface of the gel, time-lag focusing techniques were capable of ameliorating some of the mass accuracy limitations inherent in desorbing from uneven insulator surfaces with external calibration. Eleven measurements on the 5 kDa alpha-subunit proteins of lentil lectin measured over the course of 1 h and referenced to a single calibration yielded a standard deviation of 0.025%. Colloidal gold staining was found to be compatible with desorption directly from IEF and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-polyacrylamide gels. This direct approach simplifies the interface between gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry dramatically, making the process more amenable to automation.

MeSH terms

  • Acrylic Resins*
  • Animals
  • Cattle
  • Cyanogen Bromide
  • Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel*
  • Gels*
  • Peptide Mapping*
  • Proteins / analysis*
  • Reproducibility of Results
  • Sensitivity and Specificity
  • Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate / chemistry
  • Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization*
  • Staining and Labeling

Substances

  • Acrylic Resins
  • Gels
  • Proteins
  • polyacrylamide gels
  • Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate
  • Cyanogen Bromide