Fibrinogenolysis and thrombin generation after reduced dose bolus or conventional rt-PA for pulmonary embolism. The Coagulation Project Investigators of the Bolus Alteplase Pulmonary Embolism Group

Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis. 1997 Jun;8(4):216-22. doi: 10.1097/00001721-199706000-00002.

Abstract

The aim of this study was to compare the effects on fibrinogenolysis and thrombin generation of two recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (rt-PA) regimens in patients with pulmonary embolism entering a randomised, controlled study with a 1:2 allocation ratio to rt-PA, 100 mg over 2 h (Group A) or rt-PA, 0.6 mg/kg, maximum dose 50 mg, over 15 min (Group B). In both groups the heparin infusion was stopped 2-4 h before starting thrombolytic treatment and resumed accordingly to the activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) or thrombin clotting time (TcT). Seventeen patients in Group A and 30 patients in Group B were evaluated before starting thrombolytic treatment and 2, 6 and 24 h after its end for the following parameters: aPTT, TcT, fibrinogen, fibrinogen degradation products (FDP), plasmin-alpha 2 antiplasmin (PAP) and thrombin-antithrombin III (TAT) complexes. The two groups had similar coagulation parameters at baseline. Two h after starting rt-PA, the aPTT was more prolonged in Group A than in Group B patients (P = 0.01). Patients in Group B showed less reduction in plasma fibrinogen levels at all study times after rt-PA treatment (P = 0.008). The increase in plasma FDP (P = 0.037) and PAP (P = 0.001) levels was lower at 2 and 6 h samples in Group B compared with Group A. TcT was prolonged (P = 0.003) and TAT increased (P = 0.001) during treatment without differences between the two groups. AUC0-24 of fibrinogen, FDP and PAP levels confirmed the statistically significant differences (P = 0.04) between the two groups over the entire 24 h period of the study. Three patients in Group A (17.6%) and three (10.0%) in Group B suffered major or other important bleeding. Our results indicate that the administration of weight-adjusted reduced-dose rt-PA bolus produces less impairment of blood coagulation than the FDA approved regimen.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial
  • Multicenter Study
  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Antifibrinolytic Agents / metabolism
  • Antithrombin III / metabolism
  • Double-Blind Method
  • Drug Administration Schedule
  • Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products / metabolism
  • Fibrinogen / metabolism*
  • Fibrinolysin / metabolism
  • Fibrinolysis
  • Humans
  • Partial Thromboplastin Time
  • Peptide Hydrolases / metabolism
  • Plasminogen Activators / therapeutic use*
  • Pulmonary Embolism / blood
  • Pulmonary Embolism / drug therapy*
  • Recombinant Proteins / therapeutic use
  • Thrombin / biosynthesis*
  • Tissue Plasminogen Activator / administration & dosage
  • Tissue Plasminogen Activator / therapeutic use*
  • alpha-2-Antiplasmin*

Substances

  • Antifibrinolytic Agents
  • Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products
  • Recombinant Proteins
  • alpha-2-Antiplasmin
  • antithrombin III-protease complex
  • plasmin-plasmin inhibitor complex
  • Antithrombin III
  • Fibrinogen
  • Peptide Hydrolases
  • Plasminogen Activators
  • Thrombin
  • Tissue Plasminogen Activator
  • Fibrinolysin