The terminal DNA structure of mammalian chromosomes

EMBO J. 1997 Jun 16;16(12):3705-14. doi: 10.1093/emboj/16.12.3705.

Abstract

In virtually all eukaryotic organisms, telomeric DNA is composed of a variable number of short direct repeats. While the primary sequence of telomeric repeats has been determined for a great variety of species, the actual physical DNA structure at the ends of a bona fide metazoan chromosome with a centromere is unknown. It is shown here that an overhang of the strand forming the 3' ends of the chromosomes, the G-rich strand, is found at mammalian chromosome ends. Moreover, on at least some telomeres, the overhangs are > or = 45 bases long. Such surprisingly long overhangs were present on chromosomes derived from fully transformed tissue culture cells and normal G0-arrested peripheral leukocytes. Thus, irrespective of whether the cells were actively dividing or arrested, a very similar terminal DNA arrangement was found. These data suggest that the ends of mammalian and possibly all vertebrate chromosomes consist of an overhang of the G-rich strand and that these overhangs may be considerably larger than previously anticipated.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Base Sequence
  • Cell Line, Transformed
  • DNA / chemistry*
  • DNA Replication
  • DNA, Single-Stranded
  • HeLa Cells
  • Humans
  • Mammals
  • Mice
  • Nucleic Acid Conformation*
  • Telomerase / metabolism
  • Telomere / chemistry*

Substances

  • DNA, Single-Stranded
  • DNA
  • Telomerase