The study of cellular adhesion molecules offers crucial understanding of cellular interactions. Their name implies an underestimation of their function, as intercellular glue. In fact, they play vital roles in tissue development and intra- and intercellular signaling. In neurology, cellular adhesion molecules are already providing welcome new insight into neurodevelopmental anomalies, autoimmune demyelination, and invasive tumours. Cellular adhesion molecule manipulation has led to several therapeutic options which are the subject of ongoing clinical investigation.