Due to reduced engraftment times and significantly shortened hospitalizations, peripheral blood progenitor cell (PBPC) transplantation has reduced the costs associated with autologous transplantation. Several institutions reported a reduction of 20-50% in transplantation cost using PBPCs and an aggressive outpatient program. These savings could be offset by hospital readmissions, but improvements in supportive care such as administration of colony-stimulating factors and broad-spectrum oral antibiotics, and assigning a 24-hour caregiver as a prerequisite for transplantation enable safe performance of outpatient transplantation and limit readmission rates to about 20-40%. At this institution, the effect of this program on the pharmacy has been a shift in staff and drug costs to outpatient cost centers. The transition from inpatient to outpatient care did not necessitate a greater investment in pharmacy staffing, but did require cross-training for inpatient and outpatient pharmacists. Future management of outpatient transplantation will apply a cooperative care philosophy that will rely to a large extent on patient care by family members and on a multidisciplinary model of seamless care.